Bhagavad Gita
Ch 2: Sankhya Yoga (Yoga of
Knowledge)
1/35 “Eathaan na hanthumichaami Khnathoo-api Madhusoodhana
Api thrailokyarajasya Hathookinnu maheekruthe.”
“In greed to gain all three worlds Or even to protect my own life.
I don’t want to kill oh
Krishna, Why I then kill for a
kingdom ?”
I will not kill them, even to defend my own life. Even
if the three worlds are given for it; I will not kill. Why should I then I kill them for a piece of
land. More over-
1/36
“Nihathya Dhartharaashtraan na: Kaa
preethi: syaajanaardhana
Paapameavaashrayedasmaan Hatwaithaanaathathaayina:”
“What
gain I get by killing Dartharashtras
Janardhana ?
But I will get sin by killing Evil though these kinsmen are.”
Killing kinsmen for gaining wealth will only bring sin on us. Thus saying,
Partha; sat mum and sorrow full. Krishna reprimand him lovingly –
2/2 “Kuthastwaa kashmalamidam Vishamee samupasthitham
Anaaryajushtamaswrgya- Akeerthikaramarjuna.”
“Its unheavenly, cowardice; And disgrace too oh Arjuna!
At situation neared
so critical Stupidity caught thee
then.”
“How in such a critical
situation, you are behaving irresponsibly?
This does not suit a brave man like you. Shed his stupidity, get up and
fight; Partha!.”
Yet in spite of all persuasions; Partha is not ready to fight. He began
to argue thus
- 2/5 “Guruonahatwa hi mahaanubhaavaan Shreyo bhokthum baikshyamapeeha looke
Hatwarthakaamaamsthu guroonihaiva Bhunjeeya bhogaan rudhirapradigdhaan.”
“Great is to go and
beg for bread Than killing noble sirs so dear.
It is same as drinking blood Killing Gurus to enjoy wealth.”
If we kill the most reverent gurus and elders for amassing
wealth, it will be a sin and thereafter we will have to consume the blood
stained bread for ever. We will prefer begging than killing our beloved
grandfather and guru. I don’t know what to do; kindly instruct me; I am thy
disciple, thus saying Partha again sat mum with tears. In ancient times in
India; even thinking bad about his teacher/ guru and elders is considered as
worst sin; so how can Partha kill his grand father and guru?
Seeing the despondent friend Krishna pitied. With great compassion and
a smile, Krishna delivers Gita the eighteen secret yoga to Partha to rejuvenate him instantly in the
middle of the battle field itself.
2/11 “Ashochyananyasochasthwam
Prajnaavaadaamscha bhaashase
Gathaasoonagathaasoomscha
Naanushochanthi panditha:.”
“You
grieve for the undeserved Yet speak and
discuss as wise.
For those live or for those dead The wise deserves never to grieve.”
” The wise do not
worry about the living or the dead. Because –
2/12 “Nathwevaaham jaathunaasam Na thwam neme janaadhipa:
Na chaiva na bhavishyaama:
Sarvee vayamatha: param.”
“You
never perish and so Are these kings and
me too.
Nothing can cease here so For ever we all will last.
Me, you and all these kings you see
will be here forever. Their bodies may
Perish, but souls are not destroyed. As a matter of fact-
2/16 “Naasatho vidyathe bhaavo Naabhaavo vidyathe satha.
Ubhayoorapi drushto-antha- Stwanayosthathwadarshibhi:.”
“The
real knows no death The unreal knows no
being
The truth of real – unreal The noble seers only know.”
That which exists cannot be destroyed. That which does not exist,
cannot be created. This whole world is filled with it, which can never be
destroyed. Such is the soul. The soul has neither death nor birth. It is
ancient and everlasting. The part of the cosmic soul possess a body and thereafter: –
2/22
“Vasaamsi jeernaani yadhaa vihaaya
Navani grihnaathi naro parani;
Thadhaa shareeraani vihaaya jeerna nanyaani samyaathi navaani dehi.”
“Like a man puts off his rags And he wear on new cloths
Thus soul also leaves an old And enters another body new.”
Like a man who changes his filthy dress, the
soul takes a new body leaving an old or defective one. Then again it enjoys the
child, youth and such circle of life, living in it. The wise do not grieve in
this. The heat and cold in the
atmosphere is to be bear by all. That is
the unchangeable law of nature. Therefore remember –
2/15 “Samadukha sukham
dheeram So amruthatwaya kalpathe..”
“So be bold in joy and pain It is considered deathlessness.”
Whom joy and pain afflict not; that
man is immortal; because; such one is seated in absolute soul, the paramathman. The soul is beyond imagination; unclear and
beyond senses. Somebody describe it as a wonder, some see it as wonder, yet
another hear it as wonder; yet no body know the real soul.
2/23 “nainam chindandi
shashthraani nainam dahathi
paavaka; nachainam kloodayanthyaapo na soshayathi maarutha.”
No weapon can cleave a soul Nor the fire can burn it
Neither water can wet it Nor the wind can dry the soul.
Soul cannot be severed with weapon, it cannot be burned by
fire, it cannot be wetted by water and it cannot be dried by wind. Realizing
the truth of soul; you be ready for the fight. Death while on own duty is good. As you are a Kshetriya, your duty is war for
the right. If abstaining from your duty and not fighting for the truth, for
your people, sin will be on you and defamed and for you death will be welcome
than defame. Therefore without considering the result of war; do fight.
Thus the knowledge of Supreme soul is delivered to you which
is called the Sankya yoga on Adyathma.
Now, hear on Sankhya yoga as per discrimination of karma; which discuss
the does and don’ts of karma.
2/40 “Swalpasya
dharmasya thraayathee mahatho
bhayaath….”
“Even a bit of this knowledge will Protect you from great fears.”
Also there are no
reactions by this. The fools; those who
don’t know this; they think and do for world of pleasures and comforts. They
live with prayers and efforts for amassing wealth and pleasure by amassing many
things and praying for longevity for enjoying such pleasures. They get birth
after birth and shuttles between earth and heaven, without liberation. But,
liberation from birth should the aim of life, for which one should perform
right duty with devotion. The pious but wise less are not doing the Dharma –
Karma correctly. Because ---
2/47 “ Karmanye vaadhikaarasthe maphaleeshukadaachana,
Ma karmaphalaheethurbhu ma thesamgooasthu karmani.”
“To work only is your right But never for their fruits
You neither be wage motive Nor be subjected to inaction.”
Your right
is only to do the duty/work. Not for its fruit. You should not do duty aiming
the fruit, nor abstain from work. The
duty should be delivered with a sense of yoga, remembering the Lord. Pegging
mind in the ultimate is called yoga. Again..
2/48 “ Sidya asidyo samo
bhuthwa samatwam yoga uchyathe.”
“Be steady and perform actions Abandoning all attachments.
Gain or loss have
balance, For balance of mind
is Yoga.”
Without
considering the gain or lose; balance in action and steadfast in the supreme
soul is known as yoga. Further Krishna
says—
2/50 “ Thasmaath yogaya
ujyasya Yoga karmasu kawshalam.”
“With wisdom, quit it here Both deeds good and bad.
Hence with yoga arise,
Partha For the skill in action is
Yoga.”
That is
skill in karma is Yoga.
In the path
of yoga, if the mind is not steady, yoga is not possible. For the unsteady or poor-willed; their
thinking and mind is many branched and endless. They cannot gain enlightenment
or steady will or meditation. Steady
willed means that who is not disturbed by grief; not moved by wealth or
poverty; such restrained cannot be disturbed by lust and rage. To gain steady will; meditation is the only
way. Since the main obstacle in the path
of yoga is, lust and rage; so, one must avoid it.
Gita says…2/62-63
“ Dhyayathe vishayaan pumas sangathoshupajaayathe;
Samgaath
samjaayathee kaama kaamaath
krodhoobhi jaayathe”
“Krodhath
bhavathi sammoha sammohath
smruthi vibhrama
Smruthi
bhramsath buthinaasho buthinaashath
pranashyathi.”
“For men pondered on objects Desire geminates in his mind.
Lust arises from grown desires And anger spurt when lust is burst.”
”Anger cause men delusion Delusion cause sluggishness;
Sluggishness cause stupidity And stupidity cause the doom.”
Desire
longing will cater attachment, attachment will bring up lust and lust if failed
cause rage; and rage then converts to revenge or lose of reasoning; when
reasoning lost that will cause lose of the character. Character is lost; all is
lost. It is also told that –
2/66 “
Naasthi budhirayukthasya nachaayukthasya
bhaavana
Nachaa bhaavayatha shanty Ashantyasa kutha sukham.”
Whose mind is unsteady He cannot have meditation.
Peace never grace unmeditated And peaceless how can be happy ?
Those who
cannot control their mind how can have meditation; and the non-meditated how
can be happy? Therefore like a tortoise when
senses danger; withdraws its limbs from all its sides thus, a restrain
practicing yogi should guard his senses from the lust, rage and such senses.
Those who control the senses and destroy the sin causing lusts, those who abandon
the greed that stepped in mind and restrict the desires that arising in mind, thus
he being loveless desire less and ego less; is a liberated, even during his
worldly life. Gita says such yogis will be liberated at least at the end of
their life…
2/72
“Sthithwa syamantha kaalepi Brahmanirvaana
mruchathi.”
This Brahmic state oh Partha Who ever attains in this stage
Even if at the end of his life Attains supreme Brahmic Bliss.
Those who
read this chapter of Gita regularly they having clear off doubts and sorrow free,
courageous and attain self confidence in their life. They become devoted to
duty. Thus Sankhya yoga is explained in
short. But for liberation fulfilling own
duty is the only way. So learn the teachings in the Karma yoga the second
chapter of Gita. For attaining Brahamanirvana or liberation one should do
karmayoga. So let us study the third chapter Karma yoga.
